Bentley, M: Critical and Experimental Studies in Psychology

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Bentley, M: Critical and Experimental Studies in Psychology

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O knihe

Excerpt from Critical and Experimental Studies in Psychology: From the University of Illinois

Man's earliest conception of mind appears to have been that of an intangible and inscrutable substance Which was at once an active personal agent, a private possession, and a unique source of power and authority. The more detached and less emotional accounts of mind, accounts which have put description before possession and understanding before use, arose, as a natural sequence, very much later. But the two Views once established be came enduring and persistent rivals. To this day they have con tended together.1 The earlier view has been generally represented in the doctrine of the soul, - a doctrine encouraged by philoso phy, theology, and the unre¿ective opinion of common sense and uncritical knowledge. The strongest support of the later view has come from the natural sciences, which have lent it both a pat tern and a methodological background. The development of the physical sciences has, it is true, laid stress upon a description of the world in terms of the transfer of energy within and between systems, - a description Which has seemed to leave mind out of account. At the same time, the insistence of these sciences upon controlled and verifiable observation of events has been carried over to the mental facts and thus has indirectly promoted a descriptive psychology of process.

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