Measurement

Source: Wikipedia. Pages: 149. Chapters: Physical constant, Dimensional analysis, Standard conditions for temperature and pressure, Scientific notation, Binary prefix, Fundamental unit, Signal-to-noise ratio, Uncertainty, Allan variance, Observational error, Metre Convention, Accuracy and precision, Calibration, Parts-per notation, Metrology, Conversion factor, Flow measurement, Experimental uncertainty analysis, Confidence interval, Scale, Particle image velocimetry, Measurement uncertainty, Level of measurement, Systems of measurement, Units of measurement, Margin of error, History of measurement, Quantity, 3D data acquisition and object reconstruction, Moisture analysis, Phosphor thermometry, Relative change and difference, Experimenter's bias, Colorimetry, Errors and residuals in statistics, Photogrammetry, Polynomial conjoint measurement, Studentized residual, Tape correction, Molecular tagging velocimetry, IEEE 1541-2002, Test method, Systematic error, Locating, Assize of Bread and Ale, Planar Doppler velocimetry, Detection limit, Community Health Index, Livio Catullo Stecchini, ISO 31, Dry matter, Measuring principle, Correction for attenuation, Synthetic instrument, Weights and Measures Act, ANOVA Gauge R&R, Quantitative property, Measurement systems analysis, 0 to 60 mph, Sampling error, Hydroxyl tagging velocimetry, Rate, Particle tracking velocimetry, ISO/IEC 80000, Laser Doppler velocimetry, Chemical test, ENOB, Measurement category, Human equivalent, Spectral signal-to-noise ratio, Ultrasonic thickness measurement, Winchester measure, Amplitude panning, Pulse per second, Alcoholic spirits measures, Signal-to-quantization-noise ratio, Planar laser-induced fluorescence, Random error, Refractometry, Telluric contamination, Systematic bias, Base conditions, Probable error, Frequency scanning interferometry, Qualitative property, Ranging, Virtual instrumentation, Nominal size, Free-air gravity anomaly, Thin filament pyrometry, Bite force quotient, Porosimetry, Physical test, Least count, Almen strip, Personal equation, International Organization of Legal Metrology, Time deviation, Syledis, Mbsf, Nines, Fluorescent microthermography, Berkson error model, Mithqaal, Federal Office for Metrology and Survey, Photon Doppler velocimetry, Equivalent spherical diameter, Temporal resolution, Environmental error, Primary instrument, Metrologist, National CAD Standard, Decimalization process, Non-sampling error, Conductivity factor, Non-Gaussianity, Videogrammetry, Measured quantity, Turbidometry, Preparation, Level measurement, Golden unit, Baculometry, Correlated double sampling, Diffraction standard, Precise Time and Time Interval, Accuracy class, Gonadosomatic Index, Guaranteed Minimum Value, Sewing gauge, Land measurement, Per cent mille. Excerpt: The purpose of this introductory article is to discuss the experimental uncertainty analysis of a derived quantity, based on the uncertainties in the experimentally measured quantities that are used in some form of mathematical relationship ("model") to calculate that derived quantity. The model used to convert the measurements into the derived quantity is usually based on fundamental principles of a science or engineering discipline. The uncertainty has two components, namely, bias (related to accuracy) and the unavoidable random variation that occurs when making repeated measurements (related to precision). The measured quantities may have biases, and they certainly have random variation, s...