Neurosurgery

Source: Wikipedia. Pages: 117. Chapters: Psychosurgery, Bilateral cingulotomy, Idiopathic intracranial hypertension, Cerebral arteriovenous malformation, Foix-Alajouanine syndrome, Trepanning, Failed back syndrome, Subarachnoid hemorrhage, Glioblastoma multiforme, Endoscopic thoracic sympathectomy, Lumbar spinal stenosis, Cyberknife, Trigeminal neuralgia, Glioma, Oligodendroglioma, Deep brain stimulation, Cerebral aneurysm, Neurofibromatosis type II, Spinal cord stimulator, Split-brain, Astrocytoma, Rhizotomy, Vestibular schwannoma, Vein of Galen aneurysmal malformations, Carotid endarterectomy, Meningioma, Syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone hypersecretion, Medulloblastoma, Computer-assisted surgery, Stereotactic surgery, Congress of Neurological Surgeons, Carotid stenting, Normal pressure hydrocephalus, Decompressive craniectomy, Patient registration, Primary central nervous system lymphoma, Spinal fusion, Craniopharyngioma, Medulloepithelioma, Howard Dully, Laminectomy, Vascular bypass, Gamma knife, Tessys method, Intervertebral disc arthroplasty, Brain damage, Vasospasm, Hemispherectomy, Auditory brainstem implant, NeuroArm, Tuber cinereum hamartoma, Microvascular decompression, Hans-Werner Bothe, International Subarachnoid Aneurysm Trial, European Brain Council, Brain mapping, Anaesthesia Trauma and Critical Care, Multiple subpial transection, Atypical trigeminal neuralgia, Cerebral salt-wasting syndrome, Neuronavigation, Boron neutron capture therapy, Ablative brain surgery, Phonemic Neurological Hypochromium Therapy, Pallidotomy, Save A Brain Foundation, Anterior temporal lobectomy, Oligoastrocytoma, Corpus callosotomy, Percutaneous discectomy, Dysembryoplastic neuroepithelial tumour, Decerebration, Cordotomy, Anterior cervical discectomy and fusion, British Journal of Neurosurgery, Leucotome, Cushing's triad, Cerebral angiography, Spinal tumor, External ventricular drain, Michael W. Vannier, Clipping, Vertebral fixation, Cranial auscultation, Neurectomy, Translabyrinthine approach, Ganglioneuroma, Montreal procedure, Vertebral fusion, Foraminotomy, Intervertebral disc annuloplasty, Laminoplasty, Lebanese Society of Neurosurgery, Laminotomy, Thalamotomy, Endoscopic third ventriculostomy, Ganglionectomy, Brain biopsy, Pseudomeningocele, Facetectomy, Transsphenoidal surgery, Cerebral ventriculography, Corpectomy, Spinal cord untethering. Excerpt: Failed back syndrome or post-laminectomy syndrome is a condition characterized by persistent pain following back surgeries. Failed back syndrome (FBS), also called "failed back surgery syndrome" (FBSS), refers to chronic back and/or leg pain that occurs after back (spinal) surgery. It is characterized as a chronic pain syndrome. Multiple factors can contribute to the onset or development of FBS. Contributing factors include but are not limited to residual or recurrent disc herniation, persistent post-operative pressure on a spinal nerve, altered joint mobility, joint hypermobility with instability, scar tissue (fibrosis), depression, anxiety, sleeplessness and spinal muscular deconditioning. An individual may be predisposed to the development of FBS due to systemic disorders such as diabetes, autoimmune disease and peripheral blood vessels (vascular) disease. Smoking is a risk for poor recovery. Common symptoms associated with FBS include diffuse, dull and aching pain involving the back and/or legs. Abnormal sensibility may include sharp, pricking, and stabbing pain in the extre...