The Ocean Basins and Margins

of Volume 4A.- 1. Mediterranean and Tethys.- I. Introduction.- II. The Overall Situation.- III. Tethyan Faunas and Paleotectonics.- IV. Paleotectonic and Paleogeographic Evolution.- A. Permian and Triassic: Paleotethys and Early Rifting.- B. Jurassic: The Oceanic Tethys.- C. Cretaceous to Recent: Alpine Orogeny and Mediterranean.- V. Conclusions.- Acknowledgments.- References.- 2. Tectonic Evolution of the Mediterranean Basins.- I. Introduction.- A. Statement of Three Hypotheses.- B. Physiographic Provinces of the Mediterranean.- II. Balearic Basin.- A. Crustal Structure and Age.- B. Origin.- C. Summary of Geologic History.- III. Tyrrhenian Basin.- A. Crustal Structure and Age.- B. Origin.- C. A Speculative Summary.- IV. Eastern Mediterranean.- A. Crustal Structure and Age.- B. Tethys and Mediterranean.- V. Aegean Sea.- VI. Summary and Conclusions.- Acknowledgments.- References.- 3. Post-Miocene Depositional Patterns and Structural Displacement in the Mediterranean.- I. Introduction.- II. Neogene to Recent Stratigraphy.- A. Continuous Seismic Profiles.- B. Correlation between CSP and Sea-Floor Samples.- III. Thickness of Post-Miocene Sequences.- A. General Regional Depositional Patterns.- B. Rates of Sedimentation.- IV. Plio-Quaternary Sedimentation.- V. Geologically Recent Mobility of Margins and Basins.- VI. Depositional Patterns Modified by Diverse Neotectonics.- VII. Deposition in Mobile Settings: Application to the Geological Record.- A. Sediment Dispersal.- B. Turbidite Successions and Flysch.- C. Depositional Patterns and Paleogeography.- VIII. Summary.- Acknowledgments.- References.- 4. Geophysics of the Mediterranean Sea Basins.- I. Introduction.- II. Western Mediterranean.- A. Available Geophysical Data.- B. Principal Results.- C. Interpretations and Implications.- III. Central Mediterranean.- A. Available Geophysical Data.- B. Principal Results.- C. Interpretations and Implications.- IV. Eastern Mediterranean.- A. Available Geophysical Data.- B. Principal Results.- C. Interpretations and Implications.- V. Discussion.- References.- 5A. The Dinaric and Aegean Arcs: The Geology of the Adriatic.- I. Introduction.- II. Structural and Paleogeographic Evolution of the Tethysian Adriatic.- A. The Dinaric G¿ynclinal Cycle.- B. The Apennine G¿ynclinal Cycle.- C. Apennine-Dinaride Correlation and Relation to the Southern Alps.- D. The Paleogene Peri-Adriatic Depressions.- III. Recent Evolution of the Adriatic-Mediterranean Domain.- A. Neogene Intramontane Basins.- B. Peri-Adriatic Mio-Pliocene and Quaternary Basins.- C. Plio-Quaternary of the Adriatic Area.- IV. Major Stages in the Geological Evolution of the Adriatic Region.- A. Geotectonic Development.- B. Evolution of the Carbonate Platforms and Peri-Adriatic Basins.- C. Geodynamics of the Adriatic Area.- V. Conclusions.- Acknowledgments.- References.- 5B. The Dinaric and Aegean Arcs: Greece and the Aegean Sea.- I. Introduction.- II. Outline of Stratigraphy.- III. Tectonic Evolution of Greece.- A. Geotectonic Zones.- B. Stratigraphy of the Isopic Zones.- IV. The Volcanoes of Greece.- V. Tectonic Interpretation.- References.- 6. Outlines of the Stratigraphy and Tectonics of Turkey, with Notes on the Geology of Cyprus.- I. General Outline.- II. Stratigraphy.- A. Precambrian.- B. Paleozoic.- C. Mesozoic.- D. Tertiary-Quaternary.- E. Metamorphic Rocks.- F. Magmatic Rocks.- III. Tectonic Features.- A. Pre-Alpine Patterns.- B. Alpine Features.- C. Epeirogenic (Post-Alpine) Features.- IV. Notes on the Geology of Cyprus.- A. Introduction.- B. Stratigraphy.- C. Tectonic Features.- D. The Main Geological Units of Cyprus.- Note.- References.- 7A. The Levantine Countries: The Geology of Syria and Lebanon (Maritime Regions).- I. Introduction.- II. Stratigraphy.- A. Precambrian.- B. Paleozoic.- C. Mesozoic.- D. Cenozoic.- III. Structural Framework.- A. Land Region.- B. Offshore Region.- C. The Eastern Rift Margin.- D. The Northern Shelf Margin.- IV. Concluding Remarks.- Acknowledgments.- References.- 7B. The Levantine Countries: The Israeli Coastal Region.- I. Introduction.- II. Physiography.- A. Coastline and Coastal Plain.- B. Continental Margin (Shelf and Slope).- III. Sediments.- A. Coastal Plain.- B. Continental Margin.- IV. Stratigraphy.- V. Structural Framework.- A. General Structure.- B. The Coastal Fault System.- C. Northeast-Trending Fold System.- D. The Present-Day Shelf Break.- E. Northwestern Structural Elements.- VI. A Model Explaining the Tectonic Origin of the Coastal Region.- Acknowledgments.- References.- 8. The Geology of the Egyptian Region.- I. Introduction.- II. The Basement.- A. First Basement Sediments or Geosynclinal Sediments.- B. First Basement Volcanics or Main G¿ynclinal Volcanics.- C. First Basement Plutonites or Early Orogenic Plutonites.- D. Second Basement Plutonites or Synorogenic Plutonites.- E. Second Basement Volcanics or Emerging G¿ynclinal Volcanics.- F. Second Basement Sediments or Postgeosynclinal Sediments.- G. Third Basement Plutonites or Late Orogenic Plutonites.- H. Fourth Basement Plutonites or Postorogenic Plutonites.- I. Major Precambrian Tectonics.- III. The Paleozoic.- A. Paleozoic Sediments.- B. Paleozoic Volcanicity.- C. Major Paleozoic Tectonics.- IV. The Mesozoic.- A. Triassic Sediments.- B. Jurassic Sediments.- C. Cretaceous Sediments.- D. Mesozoic Volcanicity.- E. Major Mesozoic Tectonics.- V. The Cenozoic.- A. Paleocene-Eocene Sediments.- B. Oligocene Sediments.- C. Miocene Sediments.- D. Pliocene Sediments.- E. Quaternary Sediments.- F. Cenozoic Volcanicity.- G. Major Cenozoic Tectonics.- VI. Summary.- References.- 9. The Black Sea and the Sea of Azov.- I. Introduction.- A. General Setting.- B. Previous Work.- II. Bathymetry.- A. Black Sea.- B. Sea of Azov.- III. Hydrography.- A. Black Sea.- B. Sea of Azov.- IV. Sediments.- A. Black Sea.- B. Sea of Azov.- V. Structure.- A. Black Sea.- B. Sea of Azov.- VI. Origin of the Black Sea.- Acknowledgments.- References.