Chess in Austria

Source: Wikipedia. Pages: 40. Chapters: Austrian chess players, Wilhelm Steinitz, Johann Baptist Allgaier, Erich Eliskases, World Chess Championship 1910, Austrian Chess Championship, Carl Schlechter, Richard Réti, Vienna 1882 chess tournament, Ernst Grünfeld, Karl Robatsch, Vienna 1898 chess tournament, Salzburg 1942 chess tournament, Vienna 1873 chess tournament, Albert Salomon von Rothschild, Hans Müller, ICCF Austria, Johann Berger, Boris Kostic, Albert Becker, Ignatz Kolisch, Vienna 1908 chess tournament, Rudolf Spielmann, Hans Kmoch, Oscar Chajes, Adolf Albin, Ivo Donev, Tunç Hamarat, Max Weiss, Josef Krejcik, Leopold Trebitsch Memorial Tournament, Ernst Falkbeer, Philipp Meitner, Heinrich Wolf, Andreas Dückstein, Siegfried Reginald Wolf, Vincent Grimm, Georg Marco, Rudolf Palme, Rudolf Pitschak, Julius Perlis, Alexander Wittek, Samuel Gold, Hugo Fähndrich, Baldur Hönlinger, Josef Lokvenc, Siegmund Beutum, Rudolph Pokorny, Jakob Rosanes, Berthold Englisch, Alexander Halprin, Johann Hermann Bauer, Adolf Zinkl, Bernhard Fleissig, Augustin Neumann, Carl Hamppe, Eduard Glass, Vincenz Hruby, Karl Pitschel, Paula Wolf-Kalmar, Leopold Löwy, Jr., Wolfgang Weil, Max Fleissig, Marcus Kann, Karl Poschauko, Ernest Klein, Salome Reischer, David Podhorzer, Carl Schlechter Memorial Tournament, Adolf Schwarz, Jacques Schwarz, Arthur Kaufmann, Oscar Gelbfuhs, Simon Rubinstein, Gert Schnider, Eduard Jenay, Nikolaus Stanec, Leopold Löwy, Sr., Gisela Harum. Excerpt: Wilhelm (later William) Steinitz (Prague, May 17, 1836 - August 12, 1900) was an Austrian and then American chess player and the first undisputed world chess champion from 1886 to 1894. From the 1870s onwards, commentators have debated whether Steinitz was effectively the champion earlier. Steinitz lost his title to Emanuel Lasker in 1894 and also lost a rematch in 1897. Statistical rating systems give Steinitz a rather low ranking among world champions, mainly because he took several long breaks from competitive play. However, an analysis based on one of these rating systems shows that he was one of the most dominant players in the history of the game. Although Steinitz became "world number one" by winning in the all-out attacking style that was common in the 1860s, he unveiled in 1873 a new positional style of play and demonstrated that it was superior to the previous style. His new style was controversial and some even branded it as "cowardly", but many of Steinitz's games showed that it could also set up attacks as ferocious as those of the old school. Steinitz was also a prolific writer on chess, and defended his new ideas vigorously. The debate was so bitter and sometimes abusive that it became known as the "Ink War". By the early 1890s, Steinitz' approach was widely accepted and the next generation of top players acknowledged their debt to him, most notably his successor as world champion, Emanuel Lasker. As a result of the "Ink War", traditional accounts of Steinitz' character depict him as ill-tempered and aggressive; but more recent research shows that he had long and friendly relationships with some players and chess organizations. Most notably from 1888 to 1889 he co-operated with the American Chess Congress in a project to define rules for the future conduct of contests for the world championship title that he held. Steinitz was unskilled at managing money and lived in poverty all his life. Steinitz in 1866Steinitz was born on May 17, 1836 in the Jewish