Seed treatment, herbicides, air temperature in irrigated rice

Sowing time is one of the main factors to be taken into account when obtaining high yields in irrigated rice. However, when sowing is carried out early, low temperatures can cause stress to the crop, reducing its speed of emergence and plant stand, as well as reducing the selectivity of the herbicides applied. Seed treatment can be an alternative to increase the speed of rice emergence and improve selectivity to herbicides in the initial phase of crop development. In view of the above, the objectives of this work were to: to carry out a literature review on seed treatment (Chapter I); to evaluate the effect of seed treatment on the germination and initial establishment of irrigated rice seedlings at different sowing times and on herbicide selectivity (Chapter II); to characterize the biochemical parameters of oxidative stress in irrigated rice subjected to low temperatures and the application of herbicides (Chapter III); and to evaluate the initial performance resulting from the application of fertilizers on herbicide selectivity in irrigated rice cultivation.